Somalia

Somalia

Somalia's GDP stood at $11.967 billion in 2024, per World Bank WDI, with GDP per capita of $629.54 across a population of 19,009,151 the same year. No government-debt-to-GDP figure appears in this fact set. Foreign reserves are listed at $23.11 million, but that figure is dated 1989 and not usable as a statement of Somalia's current reserve position.

Military and power indicators

SIPRI's 2025 data put Somali military expenditure at $199.47 million, or 1.541% of GDP on SIPRI's own GDP accounting, a ratio that is not comparable to, or derivable from, the World Bank GDP figure above. COW NMC lists 14,000 active personnel in 2022 and a composite index of national capability (CINC) score of 0.0012701557 for that year.

Governance

V-Dem v15 scores Somalia's electoral democracy index at 0.445 and liberal democracy index at 0.297 for 2025, with a state capacity score of 0.437. No further governance series are available in this bundle.

Energy

Primary energy consumption was 0.0126 exajoules in 2023 (Our World in Data), among the smallest energy footprints in this dataset in absolute terms, and electricity generation was 0.43 terawatt-hours in 2024. Oil and gas production are both listed at zero terawatt-hours, dated 2016 — a decade-old figure that cannot speak to current conditions.

Data gaps

This bundle is notably incomplete for Somalia. There is no government-debt series at all, and the sole reserves figure is dated 1989, predating the collapse of the Somali state in the early 1990s — it should not be treated as informative about present-day reserves. The oil and gas production figures are likewise dated to 2016. Given the scale and age of these gaps, readers should treat Somalia's fiscal and energy picture here as largely unknown rather than low, and rely on the GDP, population, military-expenditure, and governance figures as the only reasonably current data points in the set.

Sources: World Bank WDI, SIPRI Milex, Correlates of War National Material Capabilities, V-Dem v15, Our World in Data (Energy).