Georgia

Georgia: Mid-Range Capacity on a Hybrid Governance Score

Georgia's economy generated $34.2 billion in gross domestic product in 2024, per World Bank World Development Indicators (WDI), with per-capita output of $9,241.49 across a population of roughly 3.7 million the same year. Government debt was 35.1% of GDP in 2026, per IMF World Economic Outlook (WEO) data, and foreign exchange reserves stood at $5.16 billion in 2025, per IMF International Financial Statistics (IFS).

Military expenditure reached $657.9 million in 2025, according to SIPRI's Military Expenditure Database, equal to 1.746% of GDP on SIPRI's own GDP series for that year — a ratio that should be read independently of the World Bank GDP figure cited above. Active personnel stood at 21,000 as of 2022, per the Correlates of War National Material Capabilities (COW NMC) dataset, which assigns Georgia a Composite Index of National Capability (CINC) score of 0.00039521846 for that year.

V-Dem's 2025 data place Georgia's electoral democracy index at 0.401 and its liberal democracy index at 0.275, figures consistent with a political system that holds contested elections but with constraints on liberal checks. State capacity scored higher, at 0.543.

Georgia's CINC score reflects COW NMC's composite of population, military personnel and spending, and industrial indicators into a single measure of relative material capability, rather than any one component alone.

Energy figures from Our World in Data show primary energy use of 0.2253 exajoules in 2023 and electricity generation of 13.5 terawatt-hours in 2025, the latter the most recent electricity reading across the metrics in this bundle.

Data gaps

Oil production (0.253 terawatt-hours) and gas production (0.062 terawatt-hours) are both dated 2016 in Our World in Data's series, nearly a decade old, and should not be treated as reflecting current output. The milex-to-GDP figure above comes from SIPRI's own GDP accounting, not the World Bank series used elsewhere in this briefing, and the two should not be combined or divided against each other.

Sources: World Bank World Development Indicators; IMF World Economic Outlook; IMF International Financial Statistics; SIPRI Military Expenditure Database; Correlates of War National Material Capabilities; V-Dem v15; Our World in Data (Energy).