Lithuania

Lithuania: High State Capacity Paired With Rising Defense Spending

Lithuania's economy was valued at $84.87 billion in 2024, with per-capita output of $29,384.02, on a population of 2,888,278, per World Bank WDI figures. Government debt is projected at 45.1% of GDP in 2026, per IMF WEO, a forward-looking projection rather than a confirmed outturn. Reserves stood at $6.28 billion in 2025, per IMF IFS, a figure drawn from a different year than the GDP and debt figures, so none of the three should be merged into a single computed ratio.

Defense Posture

SIPRI Milex data put Lithuania's military spending at $2.95 billion in 2025, equivalent to 3.08% of GDP by SIPRI's own GDP series for that year. Active personnel numbered 23,000 in 2022, per COW NMC, with a composite index of national capability (CINC) of 0.00053267146 for the same year, also per COW NMC.

Governance

V-Dem v15's 2025 scores show an electoral democracy index of 0.786, a liberal democracy index of 0.712, and a state capacity score of 0.92 — among the stronger administrative-capacity figures in this bundle's framework, reflecting a well-functioning liberal democratic system per V-Dem's indicators. All three figures come from the same V-Dem v15 release and reference year, 2025, allowing them to be read as one coherent governance snapshot.

Energy

Lithuania's primary energy consumption was 0.2641 exajoules in 2024, per Our World in Data's energy series, with electricity generation of 8.89 terawatt-hours in 2025 from the same source. Domestic oil production was 1.263 terawatt-hours, but that figure dates to 2016, per Our World in Data; gas production is recorded at 0.0 terawatt-hours, also for 2016.

Data Gaps

The oil and gas production figures are a decade old; this bundle has no more recent production series, so current domestic hydrocarbon output cannot be assessed from these figures alone. The 3.08% milex/GDP figure is tied to SIPRI's own GDP series for 2025 and should not be checked against the World Bank's $84.87 billion GDP figure for 2024, a different year and series.

Sources: World Bank WDI, IMF WEO, IMF IFS, SIPRI Milex, COW NMC, V-Dem v15, Our World in Data (Energy).