Slovakia

Slovakia: Strong Institutions, Moderate Defense Spending

Slovakia's economy was valued at $140.93 billion in 2024, with per-capita output of $25,992.67, on a population of 5,422,069, per World Bank WDI figures. Government debt is projected at 63.0% of GDP in 2026, per IMF WEO, a forward-looking projection rather than a confirmed outturn. Reserves stood at $11.79 billion in 2024, per IMF IFS, the same reference year as the GDP figure but a distinct source series that should not be merged into a single computed ratio.

Defense Posture

SIPRI Milex data put Slovakia's military spending at $3.12 billion in 2025, equivalent to 2.032% of GDP by SIPRI's own GDP series for that year. Active personnel numbered 18,000 in 2022, per COW NMC, with a composite index of national capability (CINC) of 0.00095065363 for the same year, also per COW NMC.

Governance

V-Dem v15's 2025 scores show an electoral democracy index of 0.733, a liberal democracy index of 0.573, and a state capacity score of 0.727 — figures consistent with a functioning, if imperfectly liberal, democratic system per V-Dem's framework. All three scores come from the same V-Dem v15 release and reference year, allowing them to be read together as one governance snapshot.

Energy

Slovakia's primary energy consumption was 0.6519 exajoules in 2024, per Our World in Data's energy series, with electricity generation of 29.1 terawatt-hours in 2025 from the same source. Domestic oil production was 0.133 terawatt-hours and gas production 1.006 terawatt-hours, but both figures date to 2016, per Our World in Data.

Data Gaps

The oil and gas production figures are a decade old; this bundle contains no more recent production series, so current domestic hydrocarbon output cannot be assessed from these figures. The reserves figure (2024) and the milex and governance figures (2025) are drawn from different years and should not be treated as a single snapshot. The 2.032% milex/GDP figure is tied to SIPRI's own GDP series for 2025 and should not be checked against the World Bank's $140.93 billion GDP figure for 2024, a different year and series.

Sources: World Bank WDI, IMF WEO, IMF IFS, SIPRI Milex, COW NMC, V-Dem v15, Our World in Data (Energy).