Sao Tome and Principe

Sao Tome and Principe

Sao Tome and Principe, in the Africa region per this bundle's classification, had a population of 235,536 in 2024, according to World Bank World Development Indicators (WDI). Gross domestic product was $822,154,621.09 in 2024, per World Bank WDI, with GDP per capita at $3,490.57 the same year, also per World Bank WDI. Government debt stood at 50.4 percent of GDP in 2026, per the IMF World Economic Outlook (WEO). Foreign exchange reserves were $58,787,511.78 in 2024, per World Bank WDI.

On defense and capability, the Correlates of War National Material Capabilities (COW NMC) dataset records active military personnel at 1,000, a figure dated 1999 — the oldest reading in this bundle. The same dataset puts the country's composite index of national capability (CINC) score at 0.000017411821 for 2022. No SIPRI military expenditure figures are present in this bundle.

On governance, V-Dem v15 scores the country's electoral democracy index at 0.632 and liberal democracy index at 0.519, both for 2025. State capacity is scored at 0.742 for the same year, also per V-Dem v15.

Energy figures from Our World in Data show primary energy consumption of 0.0022 exajoules in 2023 and electricity generation of 0.09 terawatt-hours in 2023. Oil production and gas production are both recorded at 0.0 terawatt-hours, dated 2016.

The combination of a 1999-dated personnel figure and a 2022-dated CINC score, both from COW NMC, means the two capability readings in this bundle do not share a common reference year. The 50.4 percent debt-to-GDP figure for 2026, from IMF WEO, likewise carries a later year than the 2024 World Bank WDI economic series it sits alongside. The three V-Dem v15 governance readings — electoral democracy at 0.632, liberal democracy at 0.519, and state capacity at 0.742 — are all dated 2025 and reported here only as point values for that year.

Data gaps

The COW NMC personnel figure is dated 1999 and has not been updated alongside the CINC score's 2022 reading. No SIPRI military expenditure data are present in this bundle. The oil and gas production figures are dated 2016, older than the rest of the bundle's 2023-2024 figures.

Sources: World Bank WDI; IMF WEO; COW NMC; V-Dem v15; Our World in Data (Energy).