Namibia

Namibia

Namibia's economy was valued at $13.37 billion in 2024, per World Bank WDI figures, with GDP per capita of $4,413.13 and a population of 3,030,131 that year. Government debt is projected at 70.5% of GDP for 2026, according to IMF WEO data. Foreign reserves stood at $3.35 billion in 2024, per IMF IFS figures.

Defense spending totaled $410.52 million in 2025, according to SIPRI's Milex database, equivalent to 2.766% of GDP under SIPRI's own GDP accounting for that year — a ratio drawn from SIPRI's parallel GDP series rather than the World Bank total cited above, and a comparatively heavy share of output by this single measure. The Correlates of War National Material Capabilities (COW NMC) dataset recorded 10,000 active military personnel in 2022 and assigned Namibia a composite index of national capability (CINC) score of 0.00020758109 for that year, a composite COW derives from demographic, economic, and military inputs rather than spending alone.

V-Dem v15's 2025 governance indicators show an electoral democracy score of 0.633, a liberal democracy score of 0.519, and a notably high state capacity score of 0.817 — the state capacity figure standing well above both democracy measures on this scale, pointing to administrative functioning that outpaces the electoral and liberal institutional scores by these particular metrics.

Energy consumption was modest: primary energy use stood at 0.0679 exajoules in 2023, and electricity generation reached 1.64 terawatt-hours in 2024, both per Our World in Data's energy series. No figures on generation mix or import dependence are present in this bundle.

Data gaps

Oil and gas production figures (both 0.0 terawatt-hours) are dated 2016, per Our World in Data — a decade-old reading that should not be treated as a current statement on domestic hydrocarbon output. The 70.5% debt-to-GDP figure is an IMF WEO projection for 2026 rather than a confirmed historical outturn. No generation-mix or import-dependence figures accompany the electricity data above, so the composition of Namibia's power supply cannot be assessed from this bundle.

Sources: World Bank WDI, IMF WEO, IMF IFS, SIPRI Milex, Correlates of War National Material Capabilities, V-Dem v15, Our World in Data (Energy)